Scientists think this species might be the long-lost Judean Balsam, also known as the "Balm of Gilead." Its resin, called "tsori" in biblical texts, was famous for its medicinal, cosmetic, and ritualistic uses, making it a highly prized commodity in the ancient world. In antiquity, Judean balsam was one of the region’s most valuable exports, traded across empires and seen as a symbol of prosperity and healing.
After years of careful preservation and cultivation, scientists finally succeeded in reviving this ancient plant, which they nicknamed "Sheba." In 2010, Dr. Sarah Sallon, who had previously grown a date tree from 1,900-year-old seeds, retrieved the seed from the archives of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem's Institute of Archaeology. Amazingly, the seed sprouted in just five weeks, giving birth to Sheba.
Now, 14 years later, Sheba has grown into a 10-foot-tall tree, offering new insights into the flora of Biblical times. The seed, which was less than an inch long, was radiocarbon dated to the medieval period, and its discovery sparked curiosity due to its remarkable preservation. DNA analysis has shown that the sapling belongs to the Commiphora family, a group of trees known for producing aromatic resins like frankincense and myrrh, found in Africa, Madagascar, and the Arabian Peninsula.
Although Sheba has not yet flowered or produced fruit, researchers are hopeful that its continued growth will allow for closer comparisons with its modern relatives. The current environment might not fully support its reproductive processes, but the survival and growth of such an ancient species is seen as a breakthrough in botanical research. As Dr. Sallon puts it, this project is akin to 'bringing something back to life from 1,000 years ago', uncovering an important part of Biblical history and showing the potential of ancient seeds to reveal secrets of the past.
The successful germination and growth of the Sheba tree from a 1,000-year-old seed found in the Judean Desert is a remarkable achievement in both archaeology and botany. As the tree continues to grow and researchers delve deeper into its origins, Sheba could provide invaluable insights into ancient cultures, lost species, and the botanical treasures of the Biblical world. This discovery highlights the enduring connection between history, science, and nature, revealing mysteries that have been hidden for centuries. Ultimately, this find not only sheds light on the rich history of the region but also offers insights into ancient agricultural practices and medicinal applications.
